May 14, 2024  
2021-2022 Westminster College Catalog 
    
2021-2022 Westminster College Catalog [ARCHIVED CATALOG]

Course Descriptions


 

History

  
  • HIS 299 - Experimental Course

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Experimental course.

  
  • HIS 301 - America in the 1960s

    Semester Hours: 4

    This course will focUnited States on the politics and culture of America from the election of John F. Kennedy to the resignation of Richard M. Nixon. Through reading, discussion, research, and presentations, students will explore this fascinating period. Special topics will include the Civil Rights movement, the war in Vietnam, campUnited States unrest, the varioUnited States liberation movements, and the many other significant transformations of the period.

  
  • HIS 305 - Marriage, Family, and Sexuality in History

    Semester Hours: 4

    A study of family over time, using legal, cultural, and socio-historical resources. Students will examine the historical roots of current social controversies, including abortion, divorce, child-rearing, family structures, and women’s roles in society. Meets Social Thought and Tradition Intellectual Perspective requirement (ST).

    Intellectual Perspective: ST
  
  • HIS 307 - Monarchs and Dynasties

    Semester Hours: 4

    This course examines the role dynasties have played in the development of the modern nation-state. To accomplish this objective, students will examine not only institutions such as the royal court, but also will look at the family structure and anthropology of dynasties. The interplay between the private and the public roles of monarchical rulers is the central concern of this course, which will focUnited States in particular on Russia, the Habsburg Empire, France and Britain. Meets Social Thought and Tradition Intellectual Perspective requirement (ST).

    Intellectual Perspective: ST
  
  • HIS 308 - Cold War

    Semester Hours: 4

    The second half of the 20th century was dominated by the rivalry of the United States with the Soviet Union. This course will research such questions as the following: How did this almost deadly confrontation start? How and why did it end? Where were the “hot spots” of the cold war, and why were they there? The course will also look at the domestic impact of the American-Soviet confrontation and explore such questions as how anti-communism affected American culture, Americans’ view of themselves, and ultimately America’s identity.

  
  • HIS 309 - History of American Institutional Care and Control

    Semester Hours: 4

    As with most societies, Americans, since our earliest beginnings, have “put people away.” This course will examine both the changing understanding of why people should be institutionalized and the nature, structure, and operations of such institutions. Meets Social Thought and Tradition Intellectual Perspective requirement (ST).

    Intellectual Perspective: ST
  
  • HIS 310 - Slavery in the Americas

    Semester Hours: 4

    Slavery is one of the most heavily studied subjects in U.S. history. This course will review the extensive historiography of slavery in the western hemisphere with particular emphasis on the demographics, economics, and social repercussions of “the peculiar institution.” Slavery’s changing nature, from both sides of bondage, will be examined and compared with bound labor in other temporal and geographic settings. Meets Social Thought and Tradition Intellectual Perspective requirement (ST).

    Intellectual Perspective: ST
  
  • HIS 311 - South Africa

    Semester Hours: 4

    This course will explore the question of how South Africans can negotiate their past, which was marked by racial inequality and injustice, and form a new non-racial, democratic nation. To answer this question, the interactions of race, class, gender, and culture in South Africa from the 17th century to the present will be examined. Primary documents, films, music, and literature will help to illuminate the interplay between history and memory in South Africa.

  
  • HIS 312 - Advanced Topics in History and Film

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    This course explores, on a rotating basis, advanced themes in history (e.g., nationalism, war and other types of conflict, religion and society, etc.) through the viewing and study of films on historical subjects. The focUnited States of the course is on both the cinematography of the films (i.e., the art and craft of filmmaking) and on matters of the historical accuracy and the historical context of the films. It is strongly recommended that students who are not history majors or minors take HIS 101  or HIS 102  before taking this course.

  
  • HIS 314 - Disease in United States History

    Semester Hours: 4

    This course seeks to provide advanced students of history the opportunity to study the nature, course, and impact of diseases on and in the history of the United States. Attention will also be given to the definition and perception of disease and change over time in both. After reviewing the history of disease across the whole of U.S. history, the course will examine the nature, course, and impact of a series of particular diseases in substantial depth along with the historiography of those diseases.

  
  • HIS 316 - Belief and Power in United States Religious History

    Semester Hours: 4

    This course on American religioUnited States history examines the changing nature of the religioUnited States landscape in the United States from the colonial period to the present. Students will critically analyze primary and secondary sources to study the religioUnited States history of the United States, including the key themes of the diversity of religioUnited States experience in a pluralistic country, the relationship between religion and the state, and the interplay of belief and power.

  
  • HIS 320 - American Women’s History

    Semester Hours: 4

    Students in this course will examine the myriad ways that women and men have argued, organized, and demonstrated for women’s rights in the United States from the Revolutionary War to the #MeToo Movement. The course will cover racially, socio-economically, and religiously diverse groups as well as the divisions within women’s social movements. Students will also study and discuss historiographical developments that include the debate over the wave metaphor and the emergence of women’s and gender history

  
  • HIS 399 - Experimental Course

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Experimental course.

  
  • HIS 410 - Historical Methods and Analysis

    Semester Hours: 4

    An introduction to the research methods of the historian. This course will examine the nature and use of historical sources (primary and secondary), develop mastery of presentation and reference conventions, and introduce public history. Although the emphasis is on skills the course is topical, examining the history of a selected period, event, or culture. Students will complete an individual research project related to the course topic.  Required of history majors (normally taken in the sophomore year), but open also to interested history minors.

     

     

  
  • HIS 420 - Historiography

    Semester Hours: 4

    This course will expose students to classic works of history and introduce varioUnited States schools of thought (e.g., Marxist, structuralist, annalistic, economic, feminist/gender) that characterize modern historical knowledge. Required of history majors (normally taken in the junior year).

    Prerequisite: C- or better in HIS 101 , HIS 102 , and HIS 410  or permission of instructor.
  
  • HIS 450 - Teaching Social Studies in Secondary Schools

    Semester Hours: 2

    This course is meant to help majors preparing to teach social studies in middle and high schools better integrate the knowledge and skills that they have acquired in their courses with the tools and concepts they have learned in their education classes. Students will consider national and state standards, curriculum development, and teaching and assessment strategies relevant to teaching social studies. Pedagogical, theoretical, and practical themes will be discussed.

    Prerequisite: EDU 231  and SED 201.
  
  • HIS 499 - Experimental Course

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Experimental course.

  
  • HIS 520 - Travel

    Semester Hours: 0

    Travel Course

  
  • HIS 590 - Field Experience/Internship

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Prerequisite: permission of the instructor and the department chair.
  
  • HIS 601 - Capstone I

    Semester Hours: 2

    The first course in the capstone sequence for history majors, this course will guide students in selecting topics, developing research questions, establishing methodological approaches and research plans, crafting bibliographies, and considering the historiographical context of their topics. This course is required of senior history majors who are not enrolled in the All-College Honors Program.

    Prerequisite: C- or better in HIS 101 , HIS 102 , HIS 410 , and HIS 420  or permission of instructor.
  
  • HIS 602 - Capstone II

    Semester Hours: 2

    The second course in the capstone sequence for history majors, this course will guide students in completing original historical research on a topic selected in HIS 601 . Students will use primary and secondary sources to write a final capstone paper. This course is required of senior history majors who are not enrolled in the All-College Honors Program.

    Prerequisite: C- or better in HIS 601  or permission of instructor.
  
  • HIS 620 - Independent Study

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    An opportunity for majors and other qualified students to do independent reading or research in a selected area.

    Prerequisite: permission of the instructor and the department chair.
  
  • HIS 660 - Honors Research

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Prerequisite: Honors status and departmental approval.
  
  • HIS 670 - Honors Research

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Prerequisite: Honors status and departmental approval.
  
  • HIS 680 - Honors Research

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Prerequisite: Honors status and departmental approval.
  
  • HIS 690 - Honors Research

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Prerequisite: Honors status and departmental approval.

Honors

  
  • HON 199 - Experimental Course

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Experimental course.

  
  • HON 201 - Ancient Greek Justice

    Semester Hours: 4

    What is justice, and who or what has authority over it? Why do humans understand and pursue justice in the ways we do today? What makes a society good? What characteristics do we find in a good leader? To answer these questions accurately, we must begin with the ancient world. In this first-year honors course, we study evolving approaches to justice in a variety of ancient texts, including Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey; the lyrical poetry of ancient women writers; the plays of Aeschylus and Euripides; and the teachings of Socrates and Plato. We explore what justice looked like for men and women, slaves and landowners, refugees and natives living primarily in Greece, with forays into Troy (modern-day Turkey), Rome, and Egypt. Through our readings of ancient texts-combined with creative and critical writing assignments, presentations, and engaging class discussions-we will journey together toward an understanding of justice that is informed by literary, philosophical, and archaeological histories. Fulfills INQ 111  , SPE 111  , and WRI 111  requirements.

  
  • HON 202 - Renaissance and the Age of Discovery

    Semester Hours: 4

    This course focuses on the transformative cultural and intellectual movements in Europe that spanned the 14th to 17th centuries. Understanding perspective and human anatomy transformed art and gave way to masterpieces such as Michelangelo’s David, Botticelli’s Venus and da Vinci’s Last Supper. The printing press allowed for the dissemination of information to a wide audience and encouraged discoveries in science and mathematics. New thinking about the self and authority led to the reformation of the Western church by Protestant leaders, such as Luther and Calvin. Advances in navigation led to the investigation of new worlds. This course studies contributions to the ongoing quest for knowledge, and includes the works of Shakespeare, Dante, Francis Bacon, Descartes, Galileo and Copernicus.

    Prerequisite: HON 201 .
    Intellectual Perspective: RP
  
  • HON 203 - The Battle for Public Memory

    Semester Hours: 4

    “He who controls the present controls the past.” This famous quotation from George Orwell draws our attention to the complicated relationship between ourselves and our history. History is not just what happened prior to the present. It is also the way we choose to tell the story of past events. How we choose to present the stories of our past is often a complicated and highly contentious process. The information that individuals choose to highlight and ignore say at least as much about contemporary social and political relationships as they do about the events being retold. This class will focus on a number of conflicts over public memory, both personal and political. Topics will include obituaries, memorials, the construction of museum exhibits, the impact of nationalism and political ideology, and the selective preservation and destruction of ancient artifacts.

    Intellectual Perspective: ST
  
  • HON 204 - Global Infectious Disease

    Semester Hours: 4

    This an introductory course for honors students that explores the pathology, epidemiology, and control of infectious diseases of global importance. It includes in-depth information on the basic pathogenesis and epidemiology of selected infectious diseases of global public health importance. Students obtain a working knowledge of the biology and ecology of these diseases, epidemiology, prevention, and control methods at both the individual and public health levels. Moreover, this course explores the challenges encountered when developing and implementing strategies for their effective control and prevention. This course will emphasize seminar-style student presentations of case-studies and group discussions. During laboratory sessions, students will learn laboratory methods used to diagnose and study infectious agents and acquire skills in epidemiological research and outbreak investigations. Students that are not enrolled in the honors program will need to meet honors-level expectations set by the instructor.

    Intellectual Perspective: SD
  
  • HON 209 - Narrative Medicine

    Semester Hours: 4

    This honors seminar represents the burgeoning field of the medical humanities, which advocates a mingling of the arts and humanities with medical education and practice and explores how science and the humanities benefit one another. Biology lectures will present the molecular underpinnings of cancer biology, HIV infection and resistance, and rare diseases. In laboratory sessions, students will explore techniques related to diagnosing disease, as well as interpreting and assessing the overwhelming online content available regarding human disease. The English portion of the course will focus on human experience of the illnesses covered in biology lectures. Students will analyze literary texts spanning the seventeenth century through the present, research the cultural contexts of illness, and study the depiction of patients, families, and caregivers. Together, we will explore how a combination of scientific and literary knowledge deepens our understanding of illness and its treatment.

    Intellectual Perspective: SD
    Lab Included: Yes
  
  • HON 210 - Argumentation and Advocacy

    Semester Hours: 4

    This honors seminar engages students in the theory and practice in the art of oratory, oral argumentation and debate. Students will develop an understanding of argumentation as a tool for inquiry and advocacy. Students will explore argument as communicative activity, constructing sound arguments and analyzing the contribution of argument to public dialogue on contemporary issues.

    Intellectual Perspective: VP
  
  • HON 211 - World of Language

    Semester Hours: 4

    This course provides honors students the opportunity to look at language and its interaction with humanity-or maybe that goes the other way around: humanity and its interaction with language. Either way, we spend the semester looking at how these two things interact. We start with an exploration of language itself, answering questions like, “what is a language?” and “how do languages work”? From there, we move to discussions about how language impacts people and how people impact language.

    Intellectual Perspective: ST
  
  • HON 212 - Nationalism

    Semester Hours: 4

    This course explores the topic of nationalism and national identity formation. It surveys the existing theoretical literature on nationalism and national identity formation, introducing students to the works of several significant scholars and reviews the scholarly debates over this complex phenomenon. Students examine nationalism from a broadly comparative and interdisciplinary perspective. The first half of the course reviews these major theoretical debates and examines the origins of nationalism and its historical development in the European context. The second half of the course moves beyond Europe focusing on a variety of issues related to varied contemporary expressions of nationalism and its relations to other forms of modern political identity in an increasingly globalized world.

    Intellectual Perspective: HC
  
  • HON 299 - Experimental Course

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Experimental course.

  
  • HON 399 - Experimental Course

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Experimental course.

  
  • HON 499 - Experimental Course

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Experimental course.

  
  • HON 520 - Honors Travel

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    This is a short-term study abroad course that enriches students’ first year in honors by providing onsite exploration of many of the archaeological sites and cultural innovations they learned about in the classroom. Travel typically occurs in May of the first year. Grading is Pass/Fail. While travel abroad is strongly recommended, students who are unable to do so may satisfy HON 520 through a virtual directed study.         

  
  • HON 590 - Field Experience/Internship

    Semester Hours: 1-4

  
  • HON 660 - Honors Research

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    These units of project credit are for use by students who are pursuing the Honors Project in an interdisciplinary area. Students who are pursuing the Honors Project in a single discipline should use the Honors Project numbers listed for that discipline.

  
  • HON 670 - Honors Research

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    These units of project credit are for use by students who are pursuing the Honors Project in an interdisciplinary area. Students who are pursuing the Honors Project in a single discipline should use the Honors Project numbers listed for that discipline.

  
  • HON 680 - Honors Research

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    These units of project credit are for use by students who are pursuing the Honors Project in an interdisciplinary area. Students who are pursuing the Honors Project in a single discipline should use the Honors Project numbers listed for that discipline.

  
  • HON 690 - Honors Research

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    These units of project credit are for use by students who are pursuing the Honors Project in an interdisciplinary area. Students who are pursuing the Honors Project in a single discipline should use the Honors Project numbers listed for that discipline.


Intercultural Studies

  
  • IC 101 - The World of Language

    Semester Hours: 4

    A study of the world of language from a multicultural perspective. Students will explore language origins, first and second language acquisition, and cross-cultural differences. The course will also cover such topics as body language, gesture, the relationship between language and perception, anthropological foundations, attempts to create a “universal language,” computer language, artificial intelligence, and animal communication. Meets Social Thought and Tradition Intellectual Perspective requirement (ST).

    Intellectual Perspective: ST
  
  • IC 102 - Reading The World

    Semester Hours: 4

    An introduction to the study of culture in countries where French, German, and Spanish are spoken. The course uses texts in the broadest sense, including literature, film, advertising, and cultural theory, in order to explore culture from an interdisciplinary perspective. This course examines the specific content and form of these four kinds of texts and the role of gender, race, and social class in shaping them. Special emphasis is given to texts by and about women, minorities, and the Third World. Meets Social Thought and Tradition Intellectual Perspective requirement (ST).

    Intellectual Perspective: ST
  
  • IC 199 - Experimental Course

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Experimental course.

  
  • IC 299 - Experimental Course

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Experimental course.

  
  • IC 399 - Experimental Course

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Experimental course.

  
  • IC 499 - Experimental Course

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Experimental course.

  
  • IC 590 - Field Experience/Internship

    Semester Hours: 1-4

  
  • IC 620 - Independent Study

    Semester Hours: 1-4

  
  • IC 660 - Honors Research

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Prerequisite: Honors status and departmental approval.
  
  • IC 670 - Honors Research

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Prerequisite: Honors status and departmental approval.
  
  • IC 680 - Honors Research

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Prerequisite: Honors status and departmental approval.
  
  • IC 690 - Honors Research

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Prerequisite: Honors status and departmental approval.

Interfaith Studies

  
  • IFS 100 - Understanding the Bible

    Semester Hours: 4

    What is the Bible? Who wrote it? When and where was it written, edited, and collected? How did it come to be so important in World culture? How can we answer these and other questions asked of a text of such authority and antiquity? This course follows the history of the text and the academic discipline of Biblical criticism. Meets Religious and Philosophical Thought Intellectual Perspective requirement (RP).

    Intellectual Perspective: RP
  
  • IFS 130 - Religion, Terror, and Violence

    Semester Hours: 4

    Is religion unavoidably connected with violence? How has religion been used to motivate and justify violent conflict, aggression, and persecution? Does religion have a greater power to make war or to make peace? Scholars take a wide range of stances on these central question about the relationship between religion and violence. This class will study critical theories about religion and violence and compare them to historical data. It is organized around four modes of violence: 1) martyrdom and redemptive suffering, 2) the violence of social stratification and “othering,” 3) traditional, political war and 4) apocalyptic and spiritual warfare. Case studies include early Christian martyrs, the American Civil War, attacks on abortion clinics and on theTokyo subway to clarify patterns and types of religious violence. Classes will consist of discussion, debates, films, and student presentations and explore the representation of religion and violence in the media, literature and film.

    Intellectual Perspective: RP
  
  • IFS 131 - Faith and Science

    Semester Hours: 4

    This course is a general introduction to and an exploration of various matters regarding faith and science. The main springboard for the course will be the writings of C. S. Lewis that discuss and provide critical reflection on topics like atheism, the Big Bang theory, Christianity, culture, evolutionary theory, imagination, logic, myths, rationality, reason, religion, secularism, science, spirituality, theology, and theory. As an atheist who converted to Christianity to become its most significant defender in the twentieth century, C. S. Lewis continues to be relevant, perhaps even more so than in his time, for understanding the relationship between faith and science in a religiously pluralistic and increasingly secular world. Even though his reflections are from a Christian (and European) perspective, they provide a nexus of questions that can help all people from all perspectives think more clearly.

    Intellectual Perspective: RP
  
  • IFS 160 - Understanding Christianity

    Semester Hours: 4

    This introductory course will cover basic questions about Christianity and its continuing significance: What is Christianity? How have various Christians expressed and explained their faith in different times and places? How have they related to the rest of the world and the issues of the day (e.g., today’s concerns about equality, feminism, politics, racism, multiculturalism, relativism)? Meets Religious and Philosophical Thought Intellectual Perspective requirement (RP).

    Intellectual Perspective: RP
  
  • IFS 162 - History of Religion in Russia

    Semester Hours: 4

    An introduction to the Eastern Orthodox tradition, with particular attention to how it evolved and was celebrated in Russia. Students will explore the dogmas, liturgy, iconography, and history of the Orthodox Church; and attention will be given to the relationship between the Church and the State, particularly under communism. Students will also be asked to compare Orthodoxy with Western Christian traditions and with their own notions of worship and religious expression. Meets Religious and Philosophical Thought Intellectual Perspective requirement (RP).

    Cross-Listed: HIS 253 
    Intellectual Perspective: RP
  
  • IFS 170 - Introduction to Religion in the World

    Semester Hours: 4

    Despite a huge diversity of individual positions on religion, it remains a universal and highly influential human activity. This course examines the narratives, rituals, symbols, moralities, and ultimate goals of the world’s religious communities. Particular attention is given to concepts and tools for understanding and analyzing religious behavior as an expression of human experience. Meets Religious and Philosophical Thought Intellectual Perspective requirement (RP).

    Intellectual Perspective: RP
  
  • IFS 171 - Religion in the Western World

    Semester Hours: 4

    The Western World is dominated by the religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. This course inspects the contents and the histories of these traditions as well as other less well-known traditions such as Zoroastrianism, indigenous traditions of Africa and America, and the New Religious Movements of the modern era. Meets Religious and Philosophical Thought Intellectual Perspective requirement (RP).

    Intellectual Perspective: RP
  
  • IFS 172 - Religions from India

    Semester Hours: 4

    Hinduism and Buddhism are the major, but not the only, religious traditions to have emerged from the Indian sub-continent. This course studies the histories, narratives, rituals, scriptures, concepts, and meditative practices of the religions of India, including their increasing influence in our own society. Meets Religious and Philosophical Thought Intellectual Perspective requirement (RP).

    Intellectual Perspective: RP
  
  • IFS 173 - Religion in China

    Semester Hours: 4

    Religious practices in China are a mixture of Daoism, Confucianism, Chinese Buddhism, and folk traditions, although Christianity and Islam are also present. The interactions of these traditions through China’s long history is a fascinating insight into the human behaviors that we call “religion.” Meets Religious and Philosophical Thought Intellectual Perspective requirement (RP).

    Intellectual Perspective: RP
  
  • IFS 174 - Religion in America

    Semester Hours: 4

    This introductory course examines the ways religion has influenced the United States from the colonial period to the present. As well as the characteristics of the country’s diverse spiritual traditions, four interconnected themes are addressed: religious pluralism, religious freedom and its relationship to state power, individual spiritual experience, and social reform and religion. How, at various times, have these themes reflected, contradicted, inspired, and reinforced broader dynamics in the American past? Meets Religious & Philosophical Thought Intellectual Perspective requirement (RP).

    Intellectual Perspective: RP
  
  • IFS 176 - Religion and Art

    Semester Hours: 4

    Religion and art are intimately connected. Visual arts such as painting and sculpture express and enhance religious narrative, but more-music, dance, drama, and all performative and productive arts are seen as somehow giving access to the Extraordinary. How can art “express the inexpressible”? What might this tell us about religion? Meets Visual and Performing Arts Intellectual Perspective requirement (VP).

    Intellectual Perspective: VP
  
  • IFS 178 - Philosophy of Religion

    Semester Hours: 4

    Philosophical studies of various specific topics, such as philosophy of science, of religion, of the mind, etc. More than one course in this sequence may be taken for credit, as long as each course has a different number, indicating different content. Meets Religious and Philosophical Thought Intellectual Perspective requirement (RP).

    Cross-Listed: PHI 222 
    Intellectual Perspective: RP
  
  • IFS 260 - Text and Meaning

    Semester Hours: 4

    Hermeneutics is an interdisciplinary study of interpretation. It examines how human beings experience the world and life as intelligible. We will ask fundamental questions regarding such intelligibility: What is a text? What is a context? What is language? What is meaning? Can everything we perceive be considered texts, including people and the world itself? What are the principles and methods of understanding the world of human “objects”-i.e., forms of human expression such as paintings, laws, literature, music, and religions?

    Prerequisite: Junior or senior status or permission of the instructor.
  
  • IFS 277 - Religion and Society

    Semester Hours: 4

    A study of contemporary religious beliefs, practices and organizations, primarily in the United States, as they derive from and influence a social context. Significant study of the Old Order Amish, as well as of the debate about secularization, the increased importance of evangelical Christianity, and new religions. Meets Religious and Philosophical Thought Intellectual Perspective requirement (RP).

    Prerequisite: One lower-level sociology course or permission of instructor.
    Cross-Listed: SOC 303  
    Intellectual Perspective: RP
  
  • IFS 590 - Field Experience/Internship

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    An opportunity for students to work under guidance in a church or other agency during the fall or spring semesters or in the summer.

    Prerequisite: consent of the instructor and the program coordinator.
  
  • IFS 620 - Independent Study

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Individual study in a specific academic area under the guidance of a selected faculty member.

    Prerequisite: consent of the instructor and the program coordinator.
  
  • IFS 660 - Honors Research

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    it? When and where was it written, edited, and collected? How did it come to be so important in World culture? How can we answer these and other questions asked of a text of such authority and antiquity? This course follows the history of the text and the academic discipline of Biblical criticism. Meets Religious and Philosophical Thought Intellectual Perspective requirement (RP).

    Prerequisite: Honors status and departmental approval.
  
  • IFS 670 - Honors Research

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Prerequisite: Honors status and departmental approval.
  
  • IFS 680 - Honors Research

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Prerequisite: Honors status and departmental approval.
  
  • IFS 690 - Honors Research

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Prerequisite: Honors status and departmental approval.

Inquiry

  
  • INQ 111 - Introduction to Liberal Arts Education

    Semester Hours: 4

    This course introduces Westminster students to the philosophy and practice of a liberal arts education. Students investigate classic and emerging questions which arise out of current social and intellectual concerns and exchange ideas within a supportive learning community. In the first part of the course, students evaluate traditional and contemporary discussions of liberal education and examine the ways liberal education is practiced at Westminster College. In the second part of the course, students apply the methods of a liberal education by investigating issues from multiple disciplinary and cultural perspectives. Instruction in information literacy and technology supports student research.

  
  • INQ 211 - Introduction to Liberal Arts Education

    Semester Hours: 4

    INQ 111  (Introduction to a Liberal Arts Education) is a four semester hour course designed to introduce students to the life of the mind and engage them in liberal learning. INQ 211 is a course with outcomes and objectives similar to Inquiry 111, but is designed for students who have more college or life experience than traditional first-year students, including transfer students with 34 or fewer credit hours accepted for Westminster credit, students who are more than one academic year from their high school graduation, and students who begin their Westminster College experience in the spring semester.


International Studies

  
  • IS 101 - Introduction to International Studies

    Semester Hours: 4

    An introduction to the interdisciplinary field of international studies. This course explores contemporary regional and global issues by examining human relations across cultural, economic, geographic, political, and social boundaries. Conflict and conflict resolution is an integral theme of the course. Course readings are drawn from disciplines including (but not limited to) criminal justice studies, economics, history, modern languages, political science, psychology and sociology. Meets Humanity and Culture Intellectual Perspective requirement (HC).

    Intellectual Perspective: HC
  
  • IS 199 - Experimental Course

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Experimental course.

  
  • IS 299 - Experimental Course

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Experimental course.

  
  • IS 399 - Experimental Course

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Experimental course.

  
  • IS 499 - Experimental Course

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Experimental course.

  
  • IS 590 - Field Experience/Internship

    Semester Hours: 1-4

  
  • IS 620 - Independent Study

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Independent Study (1 SH)

  
  • IS 660 - Honors Research

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Prerequisite: Honors status and departmental approval.
  
  • IS 670 - Honors Research

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Prerequisite: Honors status and departmental approval.
  
  • IS 680 - Honors Research

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Prerequisite: Honors status and departmental approval.
  
  • IS 690 - Honors Research

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Prerequisite: Honors status and departmental approval.

Language

  
  • LAN 101 - Elementary Language Study I

    Semester Hours: 4

    Introductory-level courses in a language not regularly taught in the curriculum (parallel to the courses in French and Spanish numbered 101 and 102).

  
  • LAN 102 - Elementary Language Study II

    Semester Hours: 4

    Introductory-level courses in a language not regularly taught in the curriculum (parallel to the courses in French and Spanish numbered 101 and 102).

  
  • LAN 199 - Experimental Course

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Experimental course.

  
  • LAN 299 - Experimental Course

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Experimental course.

  
  • LAN 399 - Experimental Course

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Experimental course.

  
  • LAN 499 - Experimental Course

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Experimental course.

  
  • LAN 590 - Field Experience/Internship

    Semester Hours: 1-4

  
  • LAN 620 - Honors Research

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Prerequisite: Honors status and departmental approval.
  
  • LAN 660 - Honors Research

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Prerequisite: Honors status and departmental approval.
  
  • LAN 670 - Honors Research

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Prerequisite: Honors status and departmental approval.
  
  • LAN 680 - Honors Research

    Semester Hours: 1-4

    Prerequisite: Honors status and departmental approval.
 

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